Bolt for locks



June 10, 1952 c. J. WEBSTER ETAL 2,600,350

BOLT Foa Locxs Filed April 25, 195o 4 Sheets-sheet 1 Fxeu,

A2M/m @Mm 19W AeENTa'- June 10, 1952 c. J. WEBSTER ETAL BOLT FOR LOCKS 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed April 25, 1950 Uw AcENTs:

June 10, 1952 Filed April 25, 1950 C. J. WEBSTER EI'AL BOLT FOR LOCKS 4 SheetAs-Sheet 5 A"li 80 91'15" n ma 2,7 ,EM

Flema Ww AcqENTs 1 June 10, 1952 c. J. WEBSTER ETAL 2,600,350

BOLT FOR LOCKS Filed April 25, 1950 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 |NVENTDQS Patented June 10, 1952 UNITED STATES PATENT'Y OFF-ICE BOLT FOR LOCKS Application April 25, 1950, Serial No. 157,886- In Great Britain April29,1949

13 Claims. 1.

This `invention relates. to bolts for locks, and has especial, though not exclusive, reference to bolts/for safety devices such as are described in the specification of our British Letters Patent No.; 618,369. It is an object of. the invention to provide for a lock a bolt having, in addition to itsl engagement Vwith a, keeper or the like, further means givingfsecurity against unauthorized operation of-fwhatever is beingI protected by the lock.

According to the present invention a lock has abolt arranged for axial movement into or out of engagement with a keeperandformed in two ormorel parts movable vaxially relatively to oneV another andso shaped as topermit operation ofVV further means essential to the functioning of the lockonlywhen said parts ofthe bolt have been broughtito predetermined relative positions, and means associated with the keeper to. move said parts to said Apredetermined relative positions whenV the bolt and the keeper aref engaged.

The bolt may comprisetwo concentric tubes, the inner tube containing `arod. which is xedly attached to the outer tube, the inner tube beingY slidablebetween them against the action of a springy and both tubes having notches arranged to be-in register when the tubes are in their predetermined relative positions;

The keeper, in this case, may be in the form of a socket having a tubular spigot which can receive the rod but which resists the inner Atube and this spigot may be arranged for axial adjustment.

Alternatively theparts of the bolt may comprise a tubeY and a. rod slidable axially Within said tube,V the tube and'rodbeing formed with notches arranged to be in register when the rod and tube are in their predetermined relative positions and to permit operation. of said furtheressentials, means including a detent entering the registered notches, and the keeper may be constituted by a socket shaped internally to move the rod and tube axially to their predetermined relative. positions when the bolt engages the keeperin its ,shot position.

The rod vmay beformed inv two or more axially separatedparts each capable of axial movement relatively to the other parts and to the tube, and the socket may be shaped internally to move the tube and all the parts of the rod axially to their predetermined relative' positions When the bolt engages the keeper in its shot position.

The lock may be combined with a safety device such as` is described in our aforementioned specii'iation No. 618,369, the detent being arranged...

2. when .it has enteredA4 the .registered notches" in the parts` of the boltto.c1ose an electricA switch or analogous control.

Examples of the invention will be described with reference to such safety` device, which is intended -for a guard.. door, or thelike for machinery including power controlling means, such4 as anelectric switcher ahydraulic valve, yand comprises a bolt arranged; whenshot,4 to lock the guard. or door'in its elfective position, and interconnecting means between. the lbolt andthe power. controlling` means so thatv the latter can be turned onor offonly when thebolt is .effective to lockthe guard or door, and. delayingmeans to prevent the Withdrawalof the` bolt fromthe guard.. or door for` a predetermined. period. of timek after the power controlling. means have been turned olf.

The invention is illustratedin .the accompany-v ing. drawings wherein three forms.I of v bolt.` are shownk applied tor asafety deviceof the-kindde scribedV in specication6.18,369 and intended` for locking in position` the protective guard or doorl onv a machinersuch asa power press.

In the'drawingslfigurey 1 .is a. perspective viewof thecompletesafety device .with cover attached. Figure 2 is a. plan View with. the coverremovedshowing .one form yof -bolt according. to: the in.- vention.

Figure y3 is a sectionon the lined- 3 infFigure .2 showingthe bolt inA the ,withdrawn (off)` position. Figure 4 isa plany viewwith the .upper partsy of` Figure 2 .removed for clarity.

Figure 5 is a section on theline v5,-5 in Figure 3.

Figure 6 is a View similar to Figurei/showing.-

being shot whilst the guard is in the raisedposi-v tion, it was proposed in the v*case of a. hinged; guard to incorporate a switch operable by the hinging of the guard, said, switchbeing inseries with. the switch. actuated` by the safety device, or alternatively, itwas proposed to; provide acam.

attached to they guardk andyarrangedto movelrr front of the bolt when the guard was open thus preventing the bolt from being shot. The present invention dispenses with the need for providing either a switch with a hinged guard or a cam to move in front of the bolt.

Referring to Figures 1 to 6 of the drawings the safety device which is constructed and operated in the manner of prior specication 618,369 comprises a cover l and -base plate I I and the components of the device are mounted within a channel shaped frame I2.

The bolt is supported at each end in bearings I3 and in the form shown in Figures l to 6 the bolt comprises two concentric tubes I4 and I5 and a rod I6 arranged within the inner tube I5. This rod IS is attached by means of a rivet I1 at its one end to the outer tube I4 and there is provided a spring I8 acting between one end of the tube I and the enlarged part of the end of the rod I6.

In order to prevent the tube I5 from rotating relative to the other parts it is provided at one end with a slot I9 which is engaged slidably by a peg xed to the rod I6. Also xed on the outer tube I4 is an abutment 2I and a further spring 22 is provided on the outside oi this tube acting at one end against the bearing I3 and at the other end engaging a plate 23 which is fixed to the abutment 2|.

The outer tube I4 and the inner tube I5 are provided with notches 24 and 25 respectively, and these notches when in register are entered by a detent member which is in the form of a roller 26 carried at the end of a spring arm 21. When this roller 26 moves so as to enter the notches 24 and 25 the arm 21 actuates a micro switch 28 for closing the main power circuit of the machine. The operation of the switch 28 is described in more detail hereinafter.

The device is provided with an operating handle 29 which projects upwardly through an L-shaped slot 30 in the top of the cover and has attached to it a barrel 3I which is slidable upon a rod 32 carried at its ends in the frame I2. The barrel 3I has a recessed portion 33 which slidably engages a further rod 34 also carried by the frame I2 and this rod 34 has a cut-away portion 35 so arranged that when the operating handle is moved so as to slide the barrel 3| along the rod 32, the notch 35 comes opposite a groove 33 in the barrel. The operating handle is then moved so as to rotate the barrel 3| about the rod 32 thereby bringing a portion of the barrel into engagement with the cut-away 35, thus preventing the barrel from being moved axially with respect to the rod 32.

Movement of the barrel 3I causes the abutment 2| to move against the pressure of a spring 22 thus moving the bolt into the shot position and compressing the spring 22.

In Figure 6 one form of keeper is shown and this is preferably attached to the guard of the machine, this guard being shown in part at 36. The keeper comprises a socket 31 which is provided with a tubular spigot 38 formed so that it receives the rod I6, but resists the inner tube I5 when the bolt is moved into the shot position, thus the inner tube I5 is forced to move axially with respect to the outer tube I4 and therefore brings its notch into register with the notch 24 thereby allowing the roller 26 to be urged into the notches and operating the switch 28.

The spigot 38 is mounted for axial adjustment in the socket 31 so that when assembling the keeper the spigot may be adjusted to its cor- 4 rect position having regard to the relative positions of the two notches 24 and 25.

Also, in order to prevent unauthorised persons from trying to move the parts of the bolt before the guard is in position a latch member is provided which maintains the parts of the bolt in xed relationship with each other until just before the time when the bolt is in the fully shot position.

Referring to Figures 3 and 6 this latch member comprises a plate 39 slidably mounted between the plate 23 and the abutment 2I and arranged to enter into two co-operating notches, one in the outer tube I4 and one in the inner tube I5 so as to hold these two parts in fixed relationship.

This plate 39 is spring urged by a spring 40 into engagement with a cam plate 4I fixed on the base of the frame I2 and having a nose 42 which causes the plate to move upwardly when it passes over the nose, thus releasing the two tubes I4 and I5 from xed relationship and allowing the parts of the bolt to operate so as to move into the fully shot position.

When it is desired to stop the machine the handle 29 is moved so as to rotate the barrel 3I and bring it out of locked engagement with the rod 34 and then the spring 22 is able to exert pressure to withdraw the bolt. The commencement of withdrawal of the bolt causes the notches 24 and 25 to be displaced out of register and thus roller 26 is moved to open the switch 28. At this stage the delaying means come into operation to delay the return of the bolt so as to allow the machine suiiicient time to come to rest and this delaying means is indicated generally at 43 in Figure 2 and shown in more detail in Figure 9.

Referring to Figure 9 a lever 44 is attached at one end to the abutment 2I so as to be moved thereby and at its other end has a link 45 pivoted thereto, this link being xed on a shaft 46 which carries a toothed segment 41 forming the first wheel in a gear train which provides the delay mechanism.

Fixed upon the segment 41 is a release pawl 48 having a nose 49 and an arm 50. The link 45 also has a nose 5I which is adapted to engage with the nose 49 when the abutment 2| is moved axially so as to move lever 44, thus causing the link 45 to rotate.

A stop 52 fixed to the cover of the delay mechanisrn engages the segment 41 and a stop 53 carried by the segment 41 is engaged by the link 45 so that as the bolt is moved into the shot position the lever 44 by virtue of its movement causes the nose 5I to engage behind the nose 49.

The segment 41 drives a gear train including gears 54, 55, 56, 51 and an escape wheel 59 which is engaged by an escape lever 59. The gear 54 is provided with a one way clutch in the form of a spring rotated pawl 60 so that when the bolt is being shot the escapement device is not driven through the gear train.

In operation the lever 44 is caused to move axially when the abutment 2l is being urged by the spring 22 into the withdrawn position and this movement of lever 44 causes the link 45 to pivot thereby driving the segment 41 in a clockwise direction as seen in Figure 9, until the arm 50 engages a stop 6I which is formed as a collar mounted on a threaded rod 62 carried by the casing of the device. When the arm 5D engages this stop 6I it commences to disengage the nose 49 from the nose 5I and after a short time there is complete disengagement and the lever 44 is freed from thedelayingaetion ofthe delayffmeans thus@ allowingftlie bolt -to :be-shot-backfintoits Withi.

drawn vposition-under theaction of thefsprin-g 22':

The tiineltakenfor the noses 49 andi Ifto 'disen-n.. gagev can be varied1 by adjusting nthe 1.co11ar.:l 6 If along the rod-62'and for-this purpose anzoperating" nutf63' fis provided 'on one :endV of: the-rod 62'.:

Referring to Figurevllthereisfshownf diagrama.

matically"theswitchwhich `controls the.. main switch for the power-'circuit'rof the .machine fand. this `s 'in theformof' aA microswitch; mounted in.

the Lfcase28 fand*having-contacts. 6l and hwhich are actuated` by a push-button GSi-itself operatedY byz the Vspring farm 21' soz-that vWhenstherollerf.2 (iy entersl -the compera-ting. notchesA in the.z bolt the contacts 64 and 65 are closed so as .toenergisesolenoid# 6 1f which` actuates lthe .mechanism vof vthe mainswi-tch soas to close-contacts 694 andcom'.` plete amaincircuit to the motor-Nior-drivingthe-- machine'.

FigureV 11 shows a'. generalformfofla pressvhav ing .amainz frame 4.'andprovidedwith a-.movable-v protective guard. 'Hfwhich carries at 'its lower partl the. keeperrshown at 12.for the :bolt-of' theVV safety device shownat13.

An alternative .formfofibolt .isy shown.y inV Figure 7v and in this 'form' the bolt-is. carried-asbefore in bearingslSimOunted intheframef l2.` andthe boltis formediin twoparts,.namely an outer. tube Wand-an inner rod '15,.V both having'notches.

'l 6 and 'l 'I Arespectively.

The rod. 15'sisV acted upon bythev spring =1B-.andi a"further spring.: 19' isf disposedr around. the-tube f 14 "and `at one.endfjengages :the bearing `I Siandf the other: end` eng-ages an abutment B0 rxedffto theouter tube 142 The keeper-isformed as a socketl havingqa central spigotr .82l which' is .axially adjustable .and

which is adapted to engage the end-oftherodl when-y the boltis shot` so: as=to `cause the rodfto move. againstv the pressure offspring 18 `axially withy respect. tothe tube Mfso as -to bring .the notches 16"and 11 .into register and thusallow roller 26 to: move intoy engagement-,'1-k withy theV notchesr A stud`83 fixed-on the :rod T5 and work--k ing.` in va slot 84 ina the tube '14fprevents theerod from.rotating'withrespect to the tube.-

A further-Iormmof' bolt. is; shown .in- Figure-8 and in` this construction the. bolt comprises: an.V outer tube 85 and two-separate innerv rods 86.2and 1 81'both having. semi-circular notches 88f and '89 l which,v togetherare adapted to co-operatefwith.`

anotchy inztheouter tube.

Aspring-9|.iactsrbetween the bearing I3 and anr abutment .92.` iixedi onthe outer. tube fandi'to preventlrotation off the innerv rods, pegs=93lare provided engaging in-slots, .94"in: the outer tube. Eachrod is acted .uponl by a spring. 95fand4 the keeperv in thisy case comprises la'socket; 96h'aving a spigot 9T whichV is axially adjustablefandyis providedwith astepped portion 985so forming: twoy shoulderswhichengage respectively with: the. twozrods 86fands81 whenthe bolt isshot to bring`v their s respective notches finto :co-operationv and into register with thernotch. 96 Vso as-.to allow-thea roller v2.6 'tor enter` thev notches and'` operate. the

switch.v Y.

In the-present linvention it; .will beiseen, -thatit is not: possibleffor" unauthorizedffpersons :to: ene deavour touoperategthe bolt;L beforey the. guard isinr positiomowing to the factthat-thetpresence of the .keeper'is necessary in order to bring. the co'- operating notches inthe bolt intoregister. sothatv the switch can be operated.. Further,` thezpresence of the:='latchr member 39 Aensuresthatztlie-parts..

eff

ofthe-boit shaubehe-m.innxeareiatmnship with. each other until just before the bolt reaches the end of iitslshot .position `softhat again thisr. prevents. unauthorized personsffrom endeavouring to move theparts ofL the boltwithrespect to each other before the guardisI imposition,-

A. bolty constructed inwaccordance with the .pres-vv entfinventionmay.-beused'with the safety devicel as:- herein. described with; machines. employing. .a

hinged. or slidingguardlV or otherwise. movableLA guard', and-thekeeper itself may be mountedv upon theguardor arranged so .that it: only comes into theifoperativefposition. when: the guard: is insthe closed position;

What weclaimathen is.:`

1.'. In or.-for'flock^controlledmeans,a.1ock ofrr the type having: a'keeper' and a bolt arranged Ifor axial movement into: andV out. of engagement therewith comprising aboltformedin a pluralityr ,of 'parts-movable axially relatively to one another,

saidparts having shaped portions Whichfare in register when the parts are brought to predeter mined. relativepositions; a memberadaptedfor operative connection with the means controlled bythe-lock andV adapted to engagesaidshaped portions; When=inregister,r to cause operation of the lock-controlled means-:and means, associated with the keeper, to move the partsv of the bolt` to said- Vpredetermined relativepositions when the bolt and keeper are engaged.l

2. In or-for-lockcontrolledI means; a lock of; the l typehaving1 a keeperyand a bolt arranged;

for axial movementv intoy and out of engagement therewithf'ccmprising-a-*bolt formed inra Aplurality ofparts including-an-outer-member and aninner'" member'r slidable axiallyy within the outermember, said inner and outer members havingnotches which'fareirl-"register whenthe parts are brought topredetermined relative posi-tions; amember- Aadapted for `operative connection with the means controlled bythe lock andfadaptedffto engage said notchesfwhen in Aregister `to cause operationof'the lock-controlled means; andy means; associated withftliekeeper,V to move said inner-andv outer membersl to said predetermined relative positions when^ the-bolt and'keeper are engaged.'

3. In or forv lock controlled means, a'lockl of the :type-having' a keeper and. a boltv arranged foraxial movement into and outV of engagement therewith comprising` a bolt formed 4as two concentrictubes movable axially relatively to oney another, and a rod slidable axially within the inner tubeand' xedly vattached to the outer tube,

said tubes havingnotcheswhich are'V inregister ,when the tubes are brought tov predeterminedrelativevpositions;A a member adaptedlfor operati-veconnection with the means controlled bythe lock andadapted to engage said notches when in register; to causeoperationof the lock-controlled 'ogmeanmand means,y associated'with the keeper,l to

move said-tubes to said` predetermined relative positions when ftherbolt' Yand keeper are engaged. 4; In'orfor lock'controlledmeans, a lock of thetype `having'Y-akeeper and a bolt arranged @foi-axial movement 4'into and out of engagement therewithy comprising a bolt formed as a tube and af-rod movable axially within the tubesaid tubeandfrod having notches which are in register when the'tube andv rod are brought'to ypre .determined relative positions;l a member adapted for operative connection with the means-controlled: by-the lock and* adapted to engage said notches when in register to. cause operation ofthe lockecontrolledr: means; and means; associated with: the keeper; to move said tube and saidrod to said predetermined relative positions when the bolt and keeper are engaged.

5. In or for lock controlled means, a lock of the type having a keeper and a bolt arranged for axial movement into and out of engagement therewith comprising a bolt formed as a tube and a rod therein consisting of two part-s movable axially relatively to one another and to the tube, said tube and the two parts of the rod having notches which are in register when the tube and the parts of the rod are brought to predetermined relative positions; a member adapted for operative connection with the means controlled by the lock and adapted to engage said notches when in register, to cause operation of the lock-controlled means; and means, associated with the keeper, to move said tube and the two parts of the rod to said predetermined relative positions when the bolt and keeper are engaged.

6. In or for lock controlled means, a lock of the type having a keeper and a bolt arranged for axial movement into and out of engagement therewith comprising a bolt formed in a plurality of parts including an outer member and an inner member slidable axially within the outer member, said inner and outer members having notches which are in register when the parts are brought to predetermined relative positions; a member adapted for operative connection with the means controlled by the lock and adapted to engage said notches when in register to cause operation of the lock-controlled means; and a keeper in the form of a socket having its interior shaped so as to engage the said inner and outer members to move same to said predetermined relative positions when the bolt and keeper are engaged.

7. In or for lock controlled means, a lock of the type having a keeper and a bolt arranged for axial movement into and out of engagement therewith comprising a bolt formed as two concentric tubes movable axially relatively to one another, and a rod slidable axially within the inner tube and xedly attached to the outer tube, said tubes having notches which are in register when the tubes are brought to predetermined relative positions; a member adapted for operative connection with the means controlled by the lock and adapted to engage said notches when in register, to cause operation of the lock-controlled means; and a keeper in the form of a socket having an interior tubular spigot adapted to receive the end of said rod and to engage and halt the inner tube so as to move the parts of the bolt to said predetermined relative positions when the bolt and keeper are engaged.

8. In or for lock controlled means. a lock of the type having a keeper and a bolt arranged for axial movement into and out of engagement therewith comprising a bolt formed as a tube and a rod movable axially within the tube, said tube and rod having notches which are in register when the tube and rod are brought to predetermined relative positions; a member adapted for operative connection with the means controlled by the lock and adapted to engage said notches when in register to cause operation of the lockcontrolled means and a keeper in the form of a socket having an interior solid spigot adapted to engage the end of said rod so as to move the parts of the bolt to said predetermined relative positions when the bolt and keeper are engaged.

9. In or for lock controlled means, a lock of the type having a keeper and a bolt arranged for axial movement into and out of engagement therewith comprising a bolt formed as a tube and a rod therein consisting of two parts movable axially relatively to one another and to the tube, said tube and the two parts of the rod having notches which are in register when the tube and the parts of the rod are brought to predetermined relative positions; a member adapted for operative connection with the means controlled by the lock and adapted to engage said notches when in register, to cause operation of the lock-controlled means; and a keeper in the form of a socket having an interior solid spigot of stepped formation providing two axially spaced shoulders adapted to engage the two parts of said rod so as to move the parts of the bolt to said predetermined relative positions when the bolt and keeper are engaged.

10. In or for lock controlled means, having an electric switch operatively connected therewith, a lock of the type having a keeper and a bolt arranged for axial movement into and out of engagement therewith comprising a bolt formed in a plurality of parts including an outer member and an inner member slidable axially within the outer member, said inner and outer members having notches which are in register when the parts are brought to predetermined relative positions; a detent roller adapted to cause operation of the electric switch associated with the means controlled by the lock, said roller being adapted to enter said notches when in register to cause operation of the lock-controlled means; and means, associated with the keeper to move said inner and outer members to said predetermined relative positions when the bolt and keeper are engaged.

ll.` In combination with the safety guard of a machine operated by an electric power unit and having switch means for starting and stopping said power unit, a lock having the bolt arranged, when shot, to lock the guard in its effective position; said lock having a keeper and a bolt arranged for axial movement into and out of engagement with said keeper and comprising a bolt formed in a plurality of parts movable axially relatively to one another, said parts having shaped portions which are in register when the parts are brought to predetermined relative positions; a member operatively connected with said switch means and adapted to engage said shaped portions, when in register, to cause operation of said switch means to sta-rt said power unit; and means, associated with the keeper, to move the parts of the bolt to said predetermined relative positions when the bolt and keeper are engaged.

12. In combination with the safety guard of a machine operated by an electric power unit and having switch means for starting and stopping said power unit, a lock having the bolt arranged, when shot, to lock the gua-rd in itsI effective position; said lock having a keeper and a bolt arranged for axial movement into and out of engagement with said keeper and comprising a bolt formed in a plurality of parts movable axially relatively to one another, said parts having shaped portions which are in register when the parts are brought to predetermined relative positions; a member operatively connected with said switch means and adapted to engage said shaped portions, when in register, to cause operation of said switch means to start said power unit; means associated with the keeper, to move the parts of the bolt to said predetermined relative positions when the bolt and keeper are engaged; spring means urging said bolt into the withdrawn position; delay mechanism including a gear train and escapement device; means connecting the bolt with said delay mechanism whereby movement oi' the bolt under the influence of said spring means actuates said delay mechanism to delay the complete withdrawal o! the bolt from the keeper for a predetermined period.

13. In or for lock controlled means, a lock of the type having a keeper and a bolt arranged for axial movement into and out of engagement therewith comprising a bolt formed in a plurality of parts including an outer member and an inner member slidable axially within the outer member, said inneijand outer members having notches which are-lin register when the parts are brought to predetermined relative positions; a member adapted foroperative connection with the means controlled by the lock and adapted to engage said CHARLES JAMES WEBSTER. WILFRID EDWARD ANSON.

No references cited. 

